Síndrome de Mirizzi, complicación inusual de la colelitiasis / Mirizzi Syndrome, a Rare Complication of Cholelithiasis

Introducción: El síndrome de Mirizzi es una entidad clínica rara y difícil de tratar; sin embargo, los avances tecnológicos recientes han brindado a los cirujanos nuevas opciones para un diagnóstico y tratamiento más efectivos de esta afección. Objetivo: Presentar el caso de síndrome de Mirizzi, complicación inusual de la colelitiasis. Presentación del caso: Se presenta una paciente femenina, de 56 años de edad, que acude a nuestra institución por presentar ictericia intermitente, dolor en el hipocondrio derecho, coluria y acolia. Conclusiones: El síndrome de Mirizzi, complicación de la colelitiasis, es una entidad poco frecuente, de difícil diagnóstico preoperatorio, por lo que en un gran porcentaje de los casos se diagnostica intraoperatoriamente. Su tratamiento es quirúrgico(AU)

Introduction: Mirizzi syndrome is a rare condition, difficult to treat; however, recent technological advances have provided surgeons with new options for diagnosing and treating this condition more effectively. Objective: To present a case of Mirizzi syndrome, an unusual complication of cholelithiasis. Case presentation: The case is presented of a 56-year-old female patient, who comes to our institution with intermittent jaundice, right hypochondrium pain, choluria and acholia. Conclusions: Mirizzi syndrome, a complication of cholelithiasis, is a rare entity, difficult to diagnose preoperatively; therefore, a large percentage of it's cases are diagnosed intraoperatively. Its treatment is surgical(AU)

Mirizzi syndrome grades III and IV: surgical treatment / Síndrome de Mirizzi graus III e IV: tratamento cirúrgico

ABSTRACT Objective : to evaluate the epidemiology and outcomes of surgical treatment of patients with Mirizzi Syndrome (MS) grades III and IV, the most advanced according to Csendes classification. Methods : we conducted a retrospective, cross-sectional study by reviewing records of thirteen patients with grades III and IV MS operated from December 2001 to September 2013, among the 3,691 cholecystectomies performed in the period. Results : the incidence of MS was 0.6% (23 cases) and grades III and IV amounted to 0.35% of this number. There was a predominance of type IV (12 cases). The preoperative diagnosis was possible in 53.8% of cases. The preferred approach was biliary-digestive derivation (10 cases), and "T" tube drainage with suture of the bile duct was the choice in three special occasions. Three patients had biliary fistula resolved with clinical management, and one coliperitoneum case required reoperation. In the outpatient follow-up of patients who underwent biliodigestive anastomosis (eight), 50% are asymptomatic, 25% had anastomotic stricture and 25% lost follow-up. The mean follow-up was 41.8 months. Conclusion : MS in advanced degrees has low incidence, preoperative diagnosis in only half of cases, and has the biliodigestive anastomosis as the best conduct, but not without morbidity.

RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar a epidemiologia e os resultados do tratamento cirúrgico de doentes portadores de graus III e IV, mais avançados, da Síndrome de Mirizzi (SM) de acordo com a classificação de Csendes. Métodos: estudo retrospectivo, de corte transversal através da revisão de prontuários de 13 pacientes portadores de graus III e IV da SM operados de dezembro de 2001 a setembro de 2013, entre 3691 colecistectomias realizadas neste período. Resultados: a incidência da SM foi 0,6% (23 casos) e os graus III e IV perfizeram 0,35% deste número. Houve um predomínio de tipo IV (12 casos). O diagnóstico pré-operatório foi possível em 53,8% dos casos. A conduta preferencial foi derivação biliodigestiva (10 casos) e foi optado por drenagem com tubo "T" e sutura da via biliar em três ocasiões especiais. Três pacientes apresentaram fístula biliar resolvida com conduta expectante e um caso de coleperitônio necessitou reoperação. No seguimento ambulatorial dos pacientes que realizaram a anastomose biliodigestiva (oito), 50% estão assintomáticos, 25% apresentaram estenose da anastomose e 25% perderam seguimento. O tempo médio de acompanhamento foi 41,8 meses. Conclusão: de incidência baixa e de diagnóstico pré-operatório em apenas metade dos casos, a SM em graus avançados tem na anastomose biliodigestiva sua melhor conduta, porém não isenta de morbimortalidade.

Mirizzi syndrome : a diagnostic and surgical problem

This study was conducted at King Saud Hospital [350 beds], Al-Qassim Region, Saudia Arabia; between December 2000 till May 2005. The aim of this work is to describe a series of 13 patients presented with obstructive jaundice and proved to have Mirizzi syndrome, at a single institution, submitted to surgical treatment and to comment on their aspects with emphasis on the diagnosis and treatment The following items were evaluated: clinical presentation, laboratory results, preoperative evaluation, operative findings, type of Mirizzi syndrome according to the classification of Csendes et al, 1989, choice of operative procedures, and complications. The study comprised 13 patients [5 males and 8 females with mean age 58.2+9.3 years] with MS detected out of 1834 patients [0.7%] treated for cholelithiasis during the period of the study. Preoperative radiological examination succeeded in the diagnosis of MS in 6 cases; 2 cases by ultrasonography [15.4%], 4 cases by ERCP [30.8%], one out of 4 cases by CT [25%] and one out of 4 cases by MRCP [25%] and failed to diagnose 7 cases with a success rate of 46.2%. Surgical exploration through a right subcostal incision detected the presence of impacted stone in the infundibulum of the gallbladder or in the cystic duct of the all patients; there were 4 patients [30.8%] with MS type I, 3 patients [23.1%] had MS type II, 2 patients [15.4%] had MS type III and 4 patients [30.8%] had MS type IV. The surgical procedure done was cholecystectomy for patients with type I MS, Cholecystectomy, primary closure of the cholecysto biliary fistula and T- tube drainage of CHD for patients with MS type II. Patients with MS type III underwent cholecystectomy and choledochoduo denostomy, while cholecystectomy and Roux-en-Y hepatic jejunostomy were done for patients with MS type IV. Liver function tests returned to normal values in all patients within 43.8+20.7 days [range 30-70 days postoperatively] and the mean duration of post-operative and follow-up was 20.7+12.8 months [range: 6-48 months] with no postoperative major procedure-related complications or mortality. It could be concluded that MS is an uncommon form of benign obstructive jaundice identified with a frequency of 0.7% of patients with cholelithiasis. The preoperative diagnosis of Mirizzi syndrome is difficult and an awarded suspicion is necessary to avoid injuries of the biliary tree. The problem may only become evident during the operation due to firm adhesions around Calot's triangle. The success of the treatment is relate precocious recognition of the condition during surgery, and adapting the. management according to the individual characteristics of each case